Conservative	vs	Progressive
preserve, protect	vs	change, possibility
impulse to preserve, to protect, defend, maintain, to keep things the way they are, to keep power in its place, to return to something that has been lost and regain it	vs	impulse to change the way things are, to open up possibilities, to exlpore new ground, to criticize, mock, expose, empower, to challenge, to push forward
text reaffirms common assumptions about childhood, and books written for children	vs	text challenges common assumptions about childhood, and books written for children
views childhood as a time of innocence to be protected and loved since it is so different from adulthood	vs	views childhood as a complicated time of life full of the complexities of being alive
fears threats to childhood innocence	vs	fears threats to childhood freedom
change is seen as a negative, a threat, because after all, children (and childhood innocence) need to be protected	vs	change is seen as a positive, especially when advocating new possibilities
text sets out to maintain power (or return it) for those that already have it: adults, parents, authors, men, governments, etc.	vs	text sets out to empower those that lack power: children, readers, women, minorities, etc. by giving them more power
reader ends the book persuaded that the powerful should have the power	vs	reader ends the book wanting the powerless to have more power
reader ends the book thinking, "This is the way the world is, and should be."	vs	reader ends the book thinking, "I have never looked at the world this way, and I want to do something to change it."
text portrays typical reality in order to convince us that what is typical is right	vs	text encourages us to reexamine things we take to be normal
text comforts us, repeatedly gives us what we want	vs	text unsettles us, refuses to give us what we want
text is told in a typical way, to mirror reality - in watching it or reading it, we never have to question why it is the way it is	vs	text is told in experimental ways in order to: 1. explore new ways of telling stories, and 2. make us look at the world (and texts themselves) in new ways
raises awareness of threats to the world	vs	raises questions about the world itself
omniscient, typical narration, sounds like a strong adult is telling the story - talks parentally to the child - or child sounds like typical child	vs	text is playful, uses unusual techniques to give reader power - breaks the 4th wall, self-referential, meta-textual, etc.
text does not reflect on what it is doing - very straightforward with easy pat answers	vs	text asks deeply ambiguous questions, encourages you to think about its meaning, or how we make meaning
didactic - author has power	vs	ambiguous - reader has power
closed text - text encourages you to accept the dominant meaning of the book	vs	open text - text encourages you to enjoy looking for multiple possible meanings
adult-centered	vs	child-centered
text limits agency	vs	text encourages agency
child realizes the wisdom of parents - authority of parents is never challenged	vs	child challenges adults, authority is questioned
monologic - single dominant voice tells the story	vs	dialogic - many voices wrestle for power
text is an ideological form of power - sets up roles for us to be interpellated into	vs	text exposes ideology, shows people having to examine what they believe, makes interpellation difficult
readerly - text is designed by an author for consumption by the reader; experiences emotions, meanings, and reactions are created by author - text encourages passivity	vs	writerly - a pre-formed text that needs the reader to create it - meaning has not been pre-designed by the author - text encourages activity
text is concerned with typical adult matters: rules, order, lessons, morals, reason, stereotypical views of childhood imagination	vs	text is carnivalesque - driven by the body, by mocking laughter, by role-playing - by the carnival spirit that upsets the world